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Where to buy wallpaper online? Whether you want a traditional roll or a peel-and-stick option, you’ll find plenty of the best wallpaper brands with high-quality, design-forward options that ship straight to your door. We’re fans of all types of wallpaper: graphic stripes, rich florals, mixed materials—a pattern on the wall serves as both art and decor, adding texture and character to your space. No matter what look you’re after—whether it’s an animal print, geometric patterns, decals, or more traditional wallpaper—there are plenty of options just waiting to be added to your shopping cart. Additional benefits include making your ceilings look higher and serving as an interesting backdrop to wall hangings. If you choose to swathe an accent wall in a bold pattern or cover an entire room in grasscloth for extra depth, these unique wallpapers will add instant impact. With patterns this stunning, you might just be tempted to go full DIY on your walls every season—we wouldn’t blame you. Shop Our Top Picks for the Best Wallpaper Brands: 1. Most Classic Design: , Serena & Lily ($118) 2. Most Versatile Design:  ($129) 3. Easiest Install: , West Elm ($48) 4. Most Moody: , Graham & Brown ($85) 5. Best Mural: , Anthropologie ($278) 6. Oceana Wallpaper 1/24 Serena & Lily Oceana Wallpaper If your vibe is subtle and you don’t want to sacrifice a bit of elegance, this nature-inspired print from Serena & Lily proves to be a serene surprise. (This one isn’t removable, so consider this before taking on a full project.) The manufacturer recommends using a wallpaper liner if you’re working with uneven wall surfaces to keep the finished project smooth. 7. Grasscloth Geo Wallpaper 2/24 West Elm Grasscloth Geo Wallpaper Add this organic, playful peel-and-stick wallpaper to your wish list. Those who aren’t homeowners will love how easy the cleanup is for removable wallpaper when moving day rolls around. And when it comes to wallpaper motifs, simple is sometimes better—the soothing neutrals and distinct geometric pattern will elevate and simultaneously calm any room or nook. 8. Crocodile Black Wallpaper 3/24 Crocodile Black Wallpaper This gorgeous textured wallpaper from Graham & Brown is an ode to luxury. It would work equally well in an office, bedroom, glamorous bathroom, or an entryway in need of a little drama. This elevated style is a hallmark of Graham & Brown. In addition to moody offerings like this one, they also have a variety of options on the lighter side of things, including spirited chevron, quirky florals, metallic botanicals, chunky stripes, and versatile tessellations. 9. Anthropologie Blossom Chinoiserie Mural 4/24 Anthropologie Blossom Chinoiserie Mural Anthropologie’s curation of wallpaper includes sophisticated florals and chinoiserie, boho damasks, and truly unique geometrics. Shopping for wallpaper here makes us which we had more rooms to decorate—there’s so much inspiration! (They have a great selection of wall murals too.) Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • Hawthorne Wallpaper 5/24 Hawthorne Wallpaper We’ve all seen florals on lighter or pastel backgrounds, which makes this botanical print on navy so eye-catching. This wallpaper is also available in black, rose, green, and gold. Shop Rifle Paper Co. for more wallpapers, plus plenty of wall art and additional home decor. • Bungalow Rose Ethan-Jay Peel & Stick Roll Wayfair 6/24 Bungalow Rose Ethan-Jay Peel & Stick Roll This Italian tile-inspired temporary wallpaper is from Wayfair (and there's much more where this came from). We love this as a backsplash for a “blah” kitchen, on the walls surrounding your soaking tub, or as panels on cabinets. The tiles have a distressed look and, honestly, look pretty close to the real deal. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • NextWall Acanthus Floral Peel and Stick Wallpaper 7/24 NextWall Acanthus Floral Peel and Stick Wallpaper This affordable take on damask wallpaper will give your space an old-world feel with little effort. We see it working in a bedroom, as an accent wall, as a bathroom print, or as a way to create an immersive, glamorous walk-in closet experience. • Opalhouse Celestial Peel & Stick Wallpaper Target 8/24 Opalhouse Celestial Peel & Stick Wallpaper Here’s a moody option from Target’s brand Opalhouse for small alcoves, ceilings, libraries, and nurseries. The retailer has a number of wallpaper options to choose from—this one happens to be one of its most popular. The navy and gold colors are reminiscent of a night sky and pair well with other metallic finishes as well as shades of yellow and pink. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • Wallpaperie Posey Wallpaper 9/24 Wallpaperie Posey Wallpaper Pottery Barn Kids is a great source for playful, soft patterns that would be a great fit in any kids’ room. From lush jungle scenes to soft geometric patterns, there are plenty of PBK picks that will liven up any adult space too. • Abstract Watercolor Wallpaper 10/24 Abstract Watercolor Wallpaper If you’re looking for one-of-a-kind, handcrafted wallpaper, wall art, or wall stickers, Etsy’s got you covered. This abstract watercolor peel-and-stick wallpaper is perfect for renters who can’t make permanent changes to the walls but still want to live with glorious hues. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • Turini Wallcovering by Backdrop Backdrop 11/24 Turini Wallcovering by Backdrop You know Backdrop for its clean, luxurious paint and interesting collabs (hello, Porsche!), but did you know they make wallpaper too? Turini, named after the winding French Alpine road, is covered with colorful undulations, though the effect is more mature and sleek than one might think. It’s delicate but still makes a statement, and it’d be suitable in a kid's bedroom and an office alike. • Tempaper & Co. Swell Peel And Stick Wallpaper Tempaper & Co. 12/24 Tempaper & Co. Swell Peel And Stick Wallpaper Tempaper & Co.'s peel-and-stick wallpaper is what renter and dorm-dweller dreams are made of. This one is like herringbone’s cooler Gen-Z sister, with a subtle, curved-line pattern and a neutral color palette. It'll look great in any hygge- or Scandinavian-inspired room. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • Lotus Leaf Sanderson Wallpaper 13/24 Lotus Leaf Sanderson Wallpaper This wallpaper transforms your indoor space to a tranquil marsh, with a tangle of lotus flowers painted in Art Deco style. It comes in two color varieties—one a lighter, more approachable combination of greens, and the other a more evening duo of teal and gold. • Morris & Co. Pure Pimpernel Wallpaper 14/24 Morris & Co. Pure Pimpernel Wallpaper Another take on damask but with a neutral palette, this wallpaper is a great way to integrate a busy and bold pattern without overwhelming interiors. The warm hues in this iteration can style particularly well with medium to dark woods. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • F. Schumacher & Co Chaser’s Legacy Wallpaper 15/24 F. Schumacher & Co Chaser's Legacy Shumacher is an editor favorite—we love these vintage etchings on a marbleized background that adds depth. It’s as cute as it is sporty, and as suitable for a child’s room as it is for any room in a country house, or, for that matter, any dog-lover’s home. • Little Greene Poppy Masquerade Wallpaper 16/24 Little Greene Poppy Trail Masquerade Wallpaper If you always like to have flowers in the house, we’ve found a mess-free hack for that: Coat your walls with it. This pink poppy display is as fresh and lively as the real thing. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • NextWall Paisley Trail Peel and Stick Paisley Blue Wallpaper 17/24 NextWall Paisley Trail Peel and Stick Paisley Blue Wallpaper Set filters to your desired price, color, and more, and you can uncover some true gems among Amazon’s 10,000-plus wallpapers. One of the boons of shopping on Amazon is checking out how the wallpaper looks in people’s actual homes, thanks to the many reviews that include photos. • Sonning Stripe Sanderson Wallpaper 18/24 Sonning Stripe Sanderson Wallpaper Sometimes, you just want a classic space—something chic and simple, low-lift, graciously un-busy. This off-white, country-style striped pick is perfect for that. This will naturally suit whatever you’ve already got going on in your room, as its palette and pattern play well with others. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • Sister Parish Serendipity Wallpaper 19/24 Sister Parish Serendipity Wallpaper Known for pattern mixing and cheerful details, Sister Parish is an obvious go-to when looking for quality wallpapers with thoughtful and playful design. Since 1933, they’ve been making classic Americana wall coverings perfect for those who like classic, country-inspired styles. We especially love this Serendipity wallpaper, but the Dolly wallpaper is catching our eye as well. • Foret Wallpaper 20/24 Foret Wallpaper Hygge & West’s collection of modern designer wallpaper abounds in personality. Patterns range include everything from whimsical florals to striking geometric options. Hygge & West carries both traditional rolls and removal wallpapers, and stocks brands including Charlotte Janvier, Helmsie, Lawson-Fenning, Patch NYC, Askov Finlayson, and many more. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • AphroChic Jumping The Broom Geometric Wallpaper Panel 21/24 AphroChic Jumping The Broom Geometric Wallpaper Panel The geometric design spotlights a special African American tradition: jumping the broom. The act was first performed at weddings between enslaved people—getting married wasn’t allowed at the time, so people sought out a special way to celebrate love and commitment. It’s still a part of wedding ceremonies today, and this wallpaper is a beautiful tribute to a special part of Black culture. • Small Flowers Wallpaper 22/24 Small Flowers Wallpaper This isn’t your grandma’s floral wallpaper—it’s a repeated image of Andy Warhol’s 1964 Flowers, and is available in four colorways. Use it to transform your space into a blooming wonderland. Find more Warhol-inspired wall coverings and more than 100 additional original designs at Flavor Paper. Most Popular • Celebrity Style Josephine Baker at Home: 15 Photos of the Legendary Entertainer in Her French Chateaus By Katie Schultz • Celebrity Homes Tour Supermodel Paloma Elsesser’s Brooklyn Town House By Hannah Martin • Celebrity Style Jackie Kennedy at Home: Inside the Icon’s Domestic Life in 15 Photos By Michelle Duncan • Harlem Toile de Jouy Wallpaper 23/24 Harlem Toile de Jouy Wallpaper Acclaimed interior designer and AD100 member Sheila Bridges offers a unique selection of hand-screened wallpapers. Her stunning Harlem Toile de Jouy wallpaper has been featured in museums around the world, including the Studio Museum and the Museum of Art and Design in New York City, and the Musée De La Toile De Jouy in France. • Dumbo Wallpaper 24/24 Dumbo Wallpaper Wallshoppe has exclusive collections from Nathan Turner, Sugar Paper, Chris Benz, Carly Home, and Tea Collection. Tea Collection, in particular, is perfect for kids' rooms, with a stunning range of fun, colorful prints and patterns. The Dumbo wallpaper showcased above is one of their removable wallpapers and is available in a variety of bold hues. Sarah is a writer based in Brooklyn, New York, focusing on shopping and lifestyle content. Her work can be found in Sports Illustrated, SELF, Town & Country, Oprah Daily, Well+Good, and more. Sarah is also a cycling instructor and full-time graduate student studying library science. In her free time, she can... Read more Contributor • Julia Harrison is a commerce writer at AD. Previously, she was a writer and editor for Coveteur, passerby, and The Sewanee Review. She likes chrome, cowhide, shells, and draws most of her interior inspiration from her favorite 18th-century Virginian restaurant, Michie Tavern. Commerce Writer • Wall Covering https://www.wix.app/bookings/bb44cb07-f8df-4746-a93d-b9b771da48e1/service/cc475027-3fbe-4315-b410-e0fd5e233332/details?d=https://www.hunsolutions.org/service-page/wall-covering Explorewallpaper https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/where-to-buy-wallpaper

Peel and Stick Wallpaper… Written By Kate LeCerf I adore wallpaper. It just adds originality and that wow factor to a room. It gives it personality and makes the space come alive. When my daughter was a baby, I found an amazing wallpaper mural online from Pottery Barn Kids that was a large tree with birds and butterflies. I saw it online once and then never again, but I couldn’t stop thinking about it. I think I called every PBKids in the country and finally, one store had it on clearance!!!! At that time, we lived in a home that was built in 1901. It was a beautiful Victorian that was in really good shape. We gutted the kitchen, but the rest of the house just needed cosmetic updating. We had the carpet pulled up and refinished the wood floors. We had all the wallpaper removed and gave it a fresh coat of paint. It is my favorite house we have owned to date. Yes, I said it. We had all the wallpaper removed. You guys, this wasn’t pretty wallpaper. I couldn’t live with it. Every single room had the same 1970’s paper. Nope. Needless to say, the tree mural in my daughter’s room was gorgeous. It made the space perfect and everyone commented on it that saw it. It broke my heart to leave that there when we moved. Fast forward to our current home. It’s six years old and cookie cutter. Ugh. It has been a challenge trying to personalize this home. But, little by little it is happening. I’m going to be sharing in future posts all kinds of projects you can DIY to make your cookie cutter home more unique so it feels custom without the custom price tag. One of the worst obstacles with this home is textured walls. It’s called knockdown and it very common in Colorado and other parts of the southwest. This is the first place I’ve lived with textured walls, so there’s been some failed experiments as well as some surprising triumphs. This brings me back to my love for wallpaper. I have been dying to put up wallpaper in this house, but keep reading horror stories about how you can’t do it on textured walls. You either have to have the house skim coated which is super expensive (not doing) or you can put up a wallpaper liner and then paper over that (sounds like too much work). So I’ve tried a few other things. I hand painted a pattern on a small portion of a wall in my laundry room above a shelf. I also got bored during a blizzard last year and decoupaged an area, again above a shelf in my mudroom with paper napkins I got on sale from Serena and Lily. If you haven’t seen their catalog, it is gorgeous. Every time I get a catalog, I get serious beach house envy. I love Serena and Lily, but it is expensive.  I bought these paper napkins because I loved the print and I knew I could use them sooner or later for something. It wasn’t easy to do, but piecing 20 paper napkins together definitely kept me busy while I was snowed in. I used a foam brush to apply Modpodge in gloss finish to the wall and then another layer of Modpodge on top of the napkin after I applied it to the wall. If you do this, it will stick! I don’t want to say this is permanent, but it’s definitely not going anywhere. I’m pretty confident if you change your mind or want something different in the future it can be painted over with no trouble. All in all, these were both pretty simple projects and I’d do them both again even with texturing on the walls. Okay, now for the peel and stick wallpaper. I’ve read tons of mixed reviews about it. Most manufacturers say that it cannot be used on textured walls. However, I’ve also heard a few people here and there that say they’ve done it and it worked great. So, I’ve been determined to try it. There was only one roll and I checked online and they were not on sale. So, one roll it was and that was literally just enough for my powder room ceiling. By the way, a small powder room is a perfect place to try this out! It worked! It was pretty easy except for the neck stretching, but that’s just because I did the ceiling instead of a wall. My ceiling in the powder room is textured and it is painted white in what appears to be a semi-gloss finish. Why? I have no idea. I’m the second owner of this home. I always paint ceilings in a flat finish. But when I saw the directions on the wallpaper say use semi-gloss, not flat paint I knew it was meant to be. I measured. I unpeeled about 12” at a time and smoothed it will my hands and then a went over it again using the edge of a credit card. Then I had to cut out with a utility knife a space for the bathroom fan which was kind of a pain but I managed. I did this project by myself and total it took me about 2 hours. I’ll do an update on the paper in a few months because I’m not 100% confident it’s not going to fall down after some time, but for $10 and 2 hours it was completely worth it! I love how it turned out and can’t wait to find another spot for some wallpaper in my home. Update… It’s now August and I thought I’d give a little update on the peel and stick and how it’s holding up! The wallpaper is still up in my powder room. It has bubbled a bit in a corner, but I just smoothed it out and it’s fine. I anticipate it happening again, but I’m not really upset about it. Since doing the powder room, I decided to try the peel and stick in a larger area. I put it up in my home office on the ceiling. I’ve learned some things since the first application I’m going to share with you. 1. Apply the paper to the ceiling. Why? First of all, I always think of the ceiling as the 5th wall. Fantastic design can be done on a ceiling. If you don’t try wallpaper there, paint it! Anywho, another reason is that it is far away from eye level. Since your ceilings are textured, you will be able to see the texture through the paper. If you’re not skim coating or applying a liner, there’s nothing you can do about this besides just making it less noticeable. 2. Choose a very tight pattern. This will disguise the texture showing through the paper. Again, it sort of tricks the eye into focusing on the pattern instead of the texture. A faux grasscloth or this patterned paper is what I used in my home office. 3. Apply to flat paint. Somewhere I read that you should apply the peel and stick to semi-gloss which is what I did in my powder room. That’s also where it’s bubbled and pulled away a tiny bit from the surface. I don’t understand this logic. It seems to me it would stick better to a flat finish. In my home office, the ceiling finish is flat and it has not bubbled anywhere that I can see. Yes, I’ll be sharing my home office makeover soon! I am currently working on window treatments and then I think it will be complete. 4. This is not a long term design fix. If you are someone that likes to change things up often (me!) then this option is definitely for you. If you are a person that doesn’t want to touch the décor in a room for 10 years, peel and stick is probably not something you’ll be happy with long term. Since peel and stick hasn’t gained widespread popularity since recent years, no one really knows which brand will stay the longest and how long it will stay on and look good. That is why peel and stick wallpaper is generally marketed towards renters and those than want a temporary design. I contributed to a blog post for Redfin all about temporary wallpaper. Read it here! 5. Do not try this is a full bathroom with steam from a shower. I think it is safe to assume that in a high moisture area, the paper will lose it’s stickiness within a short amount of time and your work may end up being pointless. This also goes for those of you that may live in a very humid climate. Where I live, it is extremely dry. https://www.katelecerfinteriors.com/blog/peel-and-stick-wallpaper

https://www.thespruce.com/wallpaper-bathroom-ideas-4147926

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The wallcovering you choose can make a room appear bigger, warmer, and brighter (or vice versa) and even hide imperfect elements. How to Wallpaper the Back of a Cabinet  Take a Cue from Color: Color can set the mood in a room. To make a space appear larger and the ceiling higher, pick patterns with cool-color backgrounds, such as green, blue, or violet. Soft cool colors suggest tranquility, while intense cool colors are fresh and dramatic. Warm colors—reds, yellows, and oranges—live up to their name and actually make people feel warmer. These are popular in colder climates and also work well in north-facing rooms. The more intense the color, the more excitement it will give to a room.  Play with Light: In a north-facing room, dark hallway, or windowless space, look for wallcoverings that will reflect light around the room, such as patterns with light colors and those with metallic or iridescent inks. Also, consider patterns with smooth surfaces, which reflect maximum light. Dark colors absorb light, making walls appear closer and the room smaller. Textured surfaces also tend to make a wall look darker.  Hide Flaws with Texture: Patterns with real or perceived texture can hide or camouflage wall imperfections or architectural eyesores. Patterns with actual tactile surfaces include grass and string cloth, burlap, foil, expanded vinyl, and even fabric. Other papers simulate the look of marble, wood, leather, fabric, and even animal skins. A pattern with a layered design also creates a perception of texture (such as a monochromatic damask design behind a floral pattern). We Put 29 of the Best Removable Wallpapers to the Test, and These 9 Won't Damage Your Walls      Consider how the room is used, and how often, when choosing wallpaper patterns.  Choose a Suitable Style: For a formal look, choose large-scale patterns with dramatic colors. For a fun, bright style, pick small motifs that are open and regularly spaced, such as polka dots. Don't forget the decorative impact of borders. Available in all sorts of motifs and styles—from sports scenes to pastoral views to wildlife images—borders quickly establish the theme of a room.  Accent the Positive: Stripes and other vertical patterns, which emphasize height, suggest dignity, vitality, and formality. Vertical patterns, including florals where the motif's shape suggests a V or a U, will make a ceiling appear higher. Horizontal patterns accent width suggest quietness and repose and make narrow rooms appear wider.  Scale for Success: Small-scale patterns create a feeling of spaciousness, while large-scale designs make rooms more intimate. To make an empty room look more furnished, pick large-scale patterns with bright colors and dark backgrounds. To give flat walls the look of depth, try a large, open-dimensional pattern, such as a trellis design.  Mix and Match Wisely: A room without pattern can bore, while a room with too many patterns can cause restlessness. When mixing stripes, florals, or plaids in a room or in adjacent areas, pick patterns that repeat the same color or values of that color. Wallcovering books usually group designs by color to make coordinating easy. How to Wallpaper Like a Pro      Follow these steps to determine how many rolls of wallcovering you'll need.  1. Calculate the wall space to be covered in square feet. Measure a wall from ceiling to floor and horizontally from corner to corner. Multiply those two figures. Repeat for remaining walls. Add the totals.  2. If you're covering a ceiling, calculate the square footage by multiplying the width of the floor by the length.  3. Divide each figure by 25—the average square footage in a standard single roll of wallpaper.  4. Subtract from the total one-half single roll for each window and door. The resulting figure is the final number of single rolls needed. Always round fractions to the next highest whole number. If your wallpaper comes in double rolls (most residential wallpapers do), divide this figure by 2.

As children, we spend time in school learning about the basics of color. But few of us learn about the fundamentals of color theory.  Color theory can be a valuable tool to not only help us understand more about the world around us but also to create harmonious designs (or decorate your home). In this post, we’ll explain what color theory is, why color theory matters, the different color models, and how you can more effectively use color in your life. What Is Color? We spend so much time around color that we often assume we know what color is without really thinking about its definition.  At its core, color is perception. Our eyes see something and the data sent from our eyes to our brains interprets it as a particular color.  Objects reflect light in different combinations of wavelengths (radio, gamma rays, and more). Our brains pick up on these wavelength combinations, interpreting them as a phenomenon known as color. Color is the place where our brain and the universe meet.Paul Klee What Is Color Theory? Color theory is the art and science of using color. It explains how humans perceive color (both physically and psychologically) and how colors mix, match, and contrast with one another.  It also factors in the messages that colors communicate.  On a more practical level, color theory also explains how specific colors can be replicated in printing, computers, art, and more – it’s an overarching, multifaceted field. At its simplest, color theory creates a logical structure to something we deal with every day but might not always fully understand or have the proper terminology to discuss in detail. Basically, color theory is the set of best practices for picking colors together for harmonious designs and contextual color combinations. That is the idea that specific color schemes are more appealing to the human eye and depend on the context. Why Is It So Important? No matter what capacity you work with color in your daily life, having a working understanding of color theory will always come in handy. Color is vital to making a product recognizable and appealing in branding and marketing.  It also sends an instant message about what your brand identity is. If your branding is a light, diffuse lavender, that sends a very different message than if your branding is all black.  We live in fast times, and the message must be transmitted instantly and effectively. When you consider that 90% of the information sent to the brain is visual, color theory becomes essential to convey the right message (branding and marketing) and influence people (sales).  That’s why color psychology (and the meaning of each color) shouldn’t be overlooked. But as an entrepreneur, you can’t just slap red on your packaging and expect it to work as well as it did for Coke. There’s a lot more to it than that, which we’ll get into. Even if you’re not in sales or marketing, color theory is still critical. It’ll make your art and design more effective and help you develop a better eye for color.  And even if you’re not an artist, designer, or entrepreneur, knowing more about color will help you talk about it competently in all areas of your life. Color Models There are three different color models. Here’s what you need to know about each of them. RGB (Red, Green, Blue) TVs, projectors, and electronics screens use the RGB model and red, green, and blue as their primary colors.  While the RYB model involves mixing pigments, the RGB model involves mixing light to create other colors.  This makes RGB an additive, rather than subtractive, color model. Instead of starting with white and subtracting color away from it, RGB begins with black and applies red, green, and blue light sources of varying intensities.  The more light you add, the brighter the color becomes. If you mix all three colors of light in equal amounts, you’ll get pure, white light. CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key – or Black) Any color you see on a physical printed surface uses the CMYK color model. This uses the same color wheel as the RGB model, but make no mistake – these are two different color models. Unlike RGB, CMYK is a subtractive color mixing model. Colors are produced by subtracting light from paper by adding pigmented ink to a white surface.  And unlike RGB, CMYK uses different primary colors because cyan, magenta, yellow, and black let printers produce a wider variety of colors on paper. Keep in mind that although you’d use CMYK to create printed materials, if you used CMYK instead of RGB to post your logo on a screen, the color wouldn’t look right when posted online or used on your website.  It’s important to know when to switch between the two models. RYB (Red, Yellow, Blue) Primary colors on the RYB color model This is the color model you probably learned as a child, mixing finger paints in school.  Today, it’s known as “traditional” color theory and continues to be used by artists and designers to mix paints and create color palettes. The primary colors are red, yellow, and blue. This is a subtractive color mixing model. This means that you start with the white of a canvas or piece of paper, then subtract the light reflected by the paper by adding pigment color (paint, crayon, marker, etc.) to it. Remember, white is a combination of every other color. Color Wheel Theory Sir Isaac Newton mapped the color spectrum into a color circle in 1666. Today, we call this circle color wheel, which has 12 basic colors. It organizes the three primary colors, three secondary colors, and six tertiary colors (or intermediate colors) into a gradient wheel, showing their relation to one another in an easy-to-understand visual model.  Today, there are three color wheels – one for each color model. But the relationships between the colors on the color wheel remain the same, no matter which wheel you’re using. Artists and designers refer to the color wheel when choosing color schemes for any project that involves color.  In order to understand how colors relate to one another, you need a firm understanding of the color wheel. Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Colors The color wheel is organized into primary, secondary, and tertiary colors.  Primary colors are the three main building blocks of the color wheel – the colors that can’t be created by mixing other hues.  • Red • Green • Blue Secondary colors consist of two primary colors mixed in equal amounts. • Red + blue = Magenta • Green + red = Yellow • Blue + green = Cyan Tertiary colors are created by mixing secondary and primary colors to create new hues. • Green + yellow = Chartreuse • Green + cyan = Spring green • Blue + cyan = Azure • Blue + magenta = Violet • Red + magenta = Rose • Red + yellow = Orange Why does this matter for color theory? In order to take advantage of the full world of color, you need to be able to access the full spectrum of color, and you can’t do that without understanding how different hues are created. Hue, Value, and Chroma Photo courtesy Jacobolus Chart (CC BY-SA 3.0) After mastering the color wheel, it’s time to take the next step – learning about hue, value, and chroma.  These are important terms to understand because they allow us to talk more in-depth about colors and color theory. Hue Hue is the pure form of any color, its position on the color wheel. It refers to the color family as in red, blue, and green. It’s what we usually mean when we use the word “color.” Value Value refers to how pure the color is – whether it has shades, tints, or tones added to it to alter its appearance. (We’ll explain these concepts in the next section.) Chroma Chroma refers to how pale or saturated a given color is. Shade, Tint, and Tone Shade, tint, and tone create variations of hues on the color wheel.  They’re essential to understanding color theory because, in the real world, we aren’t simply working with mixing hues. We’re also working on mixing hues with neutrals. Shade To create a shade of an existing color, add black to a given hue. For example, red and black make burgundy, a darker shade of red. Tint To create a tint of a particular color, add white to it. Tone To change a color’s tone, add gray. This darkens the original hue while making the color more subtle and less intense – more diffuse and muted. Color Temperature Color temperature is an essential aspect of color theory You can draw a straight line through the center of the color wheel and separate the warm colors from the cool colors.  As a quick rule of thumb, reds, yellows, and oranges are warm colors, and blues, greens, and purples are cool colors. While this is a great starting point, it’s not quite that simple.  Every specific color has its own warm or cool undertones. There are cool reds and warm greens, for example.  So always pay attention to a color’s undertones. The best way to learn to identify that is to practice! Warm colors are usually associated with energy, brightness, and action. Cool colors usually instill calm, peace, and serenity. Why does color temperature matter? Because our minds recognize it whether we realize it or not.  Whether you’re creating a work of art, designing the décor of a room, or choosing a color palette for your company logo, you want to factor in color temperature and how your selections will make people feel – consciously or subconsciously. From primary colors up until this point, we’ve gone over categories and dimensions of color present in an expanded color wheel.  They create endless color combinations, but they won’t get the job done unless they’re arranged in harmonious color schemes. That’s why you want to learn about color harmonies. Color Harmony Color harmonies are color arrangements that are pleasing to the eye. They create a sense of cohesion. They’re what makes a color scheme “work.” This matters for color theory because color doesn’t exist in a vacuum; we experience color within the context of the world—individual hues and tones playing against one another. When a color scheme isn’t harmonious, it’s either boring or chaotic. A lack of harmony can mean an over-stimulating design that’s hard to look at.  But it can also be an experience that’s so boring and monotonous that the eye glazes right over it. Color harmony is about finding the middle ground between the two options. This also matters because when designing with user experience and accessibility issues (such as color blindness) in mind, certain color harmonies and contrast levels are easier to read than others.  It’s essential to maintain enough contrast for color-blind people to be able to still see and appreciate your designs. Here’s a quick primer on the main color harmonies to get you started. Monochromatic The most straightforward color harmony, a monochromatic color scheme, includes a single hue with varying shades and tints.  This produces a consistent look and feel and often ends up looking neat and polished.  It’s also the hardest color harmony to mess up. But it lacks color contrast and can risk looking too dull or hard to read. Complementary A complementary color harmony uses two colors from opposite sides of the color wheel, like red and green.  Having so much sharp contrast between the two colors can make imagery pop, creating a design that’s very easy to read.  That’s why so many logos use this color harmony. But overusing this much contrast can be exhausting to look at. Split-Complementary A split-complementary harmony includes one dominant color and the two colors directly next to the dominant color’s complement on the color wheel.  A split-complementary scheme has more nuance than a complementary one but still has the benefit of a lot of contrast. However, this can make it harder to balance. Analogous An analogous color scheme uses colors directly adjacent to each other on the color wheel – for example, red, orange, and yellow.  Use the 60-30-10 rule with this harmony – use the dominant color 60% of the time, a supporting color 30% of the time, and the 3rd accent color 10% of the time.  An accent color can be a great tool to draw the eye to important components of the design. This scheme is pleasing to the eye and easy to look at. It’s also very effective in things like web design.  Use the dominating and supporting colors to create a harmonious and varied website, then use the accent color for action items like “Buy Now” or “Contact Us.” Triadic Triadic color schemes consist of three colors evenly spaced around the color wheel.  This produces bright and dynamic designs with plenty of contrast while still feeling harmonious.  Each item stands out, while the overall image pops and is easy to read. However, a triadic scheme can look juvenile and overwhelming if done wrong. It takes an experienced designer to pull this off.  Try choosing one dominant color and using the others sparingly or choosing a softer tint of the other two colors (by adding gray). Square The square scheme uses four colors, all equidistant on the color wheel. Two complementary pairs. This creates a square or diamond shape on the color wheel.  In addition, it also creates tons of contrast and gives you plenty of colors to play with.  Instead of using all four colors in equal amounts, choose one dominant color and use the others for support and accents. Tetradic The tetradic color scheme is also called the rectangular color scheme because of its shape on the color wheel.  The benefits and palette are similar to the square color scheme, but because each hue is closer to one other on the color wheel, they’re organized into natural pairs. The Meaning of the Colors As we said above, color psychology is essential to convey the right message and influencing people. However, different colors are perceived differently by distinct audiences around the world.  It’s crucial to understand your audience to know what colors will convey your message best. Ask yourself, “who is my audience?” Try to pin down their gender, age, religion, and geographical location. In addition, cultural differences shouldn’t be ignored since the psychological effects of a hue that’s happy and uplifting in one country might be depressing in another. The answers to these questions will give your design a jumpstart. In addition, it’s important to remember that color symbolism can be instinctual, universal, and timeless. It’s something that has been hardwired into us since the dawn of humanity.  That’s why most color meanings are based on nature (blue for serenity, green for growth, red for danger and warmth).  Still, color symbolism can also be contemporary, so its meanings will evolve with time and personal experiences (mostly subconsciously). After all, our landscape is very different from what our ancestors used to see. Either way, here are the meanings of the colors in general lines.  But keep in mind that color symbolism is also influenced by a few other factors, such as the color itself, the color combination, its quantity in a given design, the shape the color occupies, and objects or imagery. Red: passion, physical energy, warmth, aggression, and danger. Yellow: happiness, creativity, mental stimulation, impatience, and cowardice. Blue: calmness, honesty, trust, stability, and responsibility. Orange: spontaneity, adventure, dynamism, warmth, exhibitionism, and superficiality. Green: growth, freshness, harmony, prosperity, enviousness, and greediness. Purple: spirituality, imagination, mystery, royalty, wisdom, and immaturity. Pink: unconditional love, sympathy, femininity, comfort, playfulness, and childishness. Brown: strength, dependability, warmth, honesty, predictability, and loneliness. Black: power, elegance, mystery, formality, authority, fear, and pessimism. White: purity, innocence, delicacy, cleanliness, coldness, and unfriendliness. Gray: neutrality, wisdom, intellect, seriousness, boredom, and depression. How to Apply Color Theory Enough with the theory. Now let’s get to the practice.  You already know all the concepts and classifications, so below, we’ll walk you through how to choose the best colors for your design. Step 1: Understand Who Your Audience Is It’s important to understand colors, but you also need to consider how your audience will react to them. People have different color preferences based on their gender, age, geographic location, religion, and economic status. Make sure you know these aspects about your audience. Step back and make sure you look at it from an outsider’s point of view. Shift your focus from you to them. Read next: 9 Pretty Gender-Neutral Colors Step 2: Set a Mood for Your Design Consider the mood or feeling you want to attribute to your brand, website, or product. Colors evoke emotional responses in people. In fact, people “decide” subconsciously whether or not they like a product in 90 seconds or less.  Lighter shades are peaceful, darker colors are more confident, muted colors are more sophisticated, and bright colors are more energetic. Hardly ever a project will call for pure hues. We often use adjusted colors by changing shade, tint, tone, temperature, and so on to achieve better contrast and convey the right message. Here are some basic guidelines for picking the mood. • Bright – energetic, powerful, exciting. • Muted – restful, not stimulating, more sophisticated. • Light – gentle, soft, comforting, peaceful. • Dark – serious, intense, professional. Step 3: Pick a Few Words (And Colors, Too) To pick your brand’s colors, you can start with the color that conveys the most vital characteristic of your brand.  From here, you can build it out with a couple of extra colors, accents, or just a monochromatic color palette. So first, pick the main color, considering the meaning of the colors and your brand’s personality (how you want people to perceive it). An excellent way to do that is to write down words that describe your business or design. How do you want people to see it? Your goal is to create psychological connections with your audience. That’s why you shouldn’t begin with choosing colors but words. You want people to relate and associate experiences with your brand. Next, transform these words into colors. Play with the color harmonies using the colors you chose, and maybe add others you hadn’t considered before. See how they work out together.  Is that something that resonates with your brand naturally? Each color harmony has pros and cons. Choosing the appropriate one is key to conveying the right mood regardless of the project. Trial and error to find the right color palette. 80% of the Fortune 500 companies have two or fewer colors incorporated into their logo. Step 4: Consider the Color Context As important as choosing the right colors, color context will influence how people perceive the hues you’ve chosen. That’s because colors appear differently when placed next to each other. If you place a red button on top of an orange background, it will make the red appear duller. But if you put the same red button on a turquoise or blue background, it will appear brighter. Consider color context and contrast when using your fore and background colors so your design won’t backfire. You might even realize you need to change your color palette or use them differently. In addition, this step is crucial for accessibility as you can assess if your design accommodates the needs of color-blind people. Step 5: Use the 60-30-10 Rule Apply the chosen color palette using the 60-30-10 design rule. For that, use the dominant color 60% of the design, a supporting color 30%, and the 3rd accent color 10% of the time.  These aren’t hard-and-fast numbers, but they give a sense of proportion and balance and avoid creating a childish and garish design. Step 6: Draft Numerous Designs Now it’s time to put everything you have chosen into your design. Draft multiple designs based on the colors and harmonies you picked, wait a couple of days and check the designs with a clear head again. In this step, you’ll probably draft, review, and work on a new draft at least a few times, but that’s okay! Remember, practice makes perfect. Color is an ever-evolving art form, and the more you play with color and practice design, the better you get. No designer or artist creates their masterpiece the first time around. Color Tools Here are a few powerful tools to create your color palette or find inspiration for any color choice. Adobe Color – Color palette generator based on multiple harmonies. You also can extract the theme of a photo and check color contrast for accessibility. Coolors – Our favorite color combination generator, which has multiple options to create cohesive color palettes. It allows you to start with one color or a few color choices and then establishes a scheme for you. If you don’t like what you see, press the space bar on your keyboard, and the tool will prompt you with a new color palette. Canva – Excellent palette generator. You can upload images and get some cool color ideas based on a photo that color scheme you like. Color Terminology Glossary Accent: Accent colors are additional colors that generally contrast or complement the other colors used in a design. Additive color model: The additive color model describes how light produces color. Analogous: Analogous colors are next to each other on the color wheel. Chroma: The quality of purity, intensity, or saturation of a given color. Complementary: Two colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel. Hue: Hue is a pure pigment—one without tint or shade (added white or black pigment, respectively). Intermediate: A color created by mixing a primary color with the secondary color next to it in the RYB color model. Also called a tertiary color in the RGB color model. Monochromatic: A palette containing or using only one color, one hue. Neutral: Neutral colors are muted shades that lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting.  Saturation: Color saturation refers to the intensity of color in an image. As the saturation increases, the colors appear to be purer. Secondary: These are color combinations created by an equal mixture of two primary colors. Shade: Shade is a hue or mixture of pure colors to which only black is added. Subtractive color model: In the subtractive color model, pigment is used to produce color using reflected light. Primary: Colors or colored lights that can be mixed in varying amounts to produce a gamut of colors. Split-Complementary: A split-complementary color scheme takes up a base color and two secondary colors. Triadic: A triadic color scheme comprises three colors evenly spaced on the color wheel. Tertiary: The combination of primary and secondary colors is known as tertiary in the RGB color model, and the combination of two secondary colors is known as tertiary in the RYB color model. Tint: Tint refers to any hue or mixture of pure colors to which white is added. Tone: Tones are created when grey is added to a color. Undertone: It refers to a subdued or muted tone of color. Value: Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.  Wavelength: Wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave’s shape repeats. It is the distance between consecutive corresponding points of the same phase on the wave.

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